|
|
Porovnání obtížnosti porodů u různých plemen skotu ve vybraném chovu
Kozlová, Eliška
This bachelor thesis examines the issue of difficult calving depending on breed affiliation and utility type. This work summarizes three basic breeds of different utility types that are bred in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the work deals with the description of estrous cycle, methods of insemination, the period of gestation and the subsequent parturition. During parturition, emphasis is mainly placed on its progress. Therefore, the work also deals with internal and external factors. These factors aren’t always controllable, but some of them can be influenced by keeper or directly by breeding. Early detection of dead fetus is also important for calving. Whether the calving is assisted and whether any assistance is performed in an appropriate way has a relatively large influence on the course of calving itself. Depending on the extend to which assistance was required, the overall course of the birth is also evaluated. In this work was evaluated the calving process in Czech Fleckvieh and Charolais breeding. Both breeds were kept in the company ZEAS Lysice a.s., which is located in the South Moravian region. The results of the calving process were compared according to breed, year of calving and whether they were first-calf or older cows. The analysis of the data showed a significantly high incidence of the desired calving process in the Charolais breed, up to 99,28 %. Czech Fleckvieh showed a higher incidence of unwanted calving, which was 1,72 %. It also has been proven that older cows calving process was better than heifers. In the analysis of the year of calving, its influence on the course of calving wasn’t proven.
|
|
|
Vyhodnocení reprodukce a mléčné užitkovosti v konvenčním a ekologickém chovu dojnic
Širůčková, Karolína
In this thesis the evaluation of selected reproductive and performance parameters in conventional and organic breeding of Czech fleckvieh cattle was solved. The herd of breeding cows from AZOS, Ltd. Zakřany farm was chosen as the conventional farm and Ekofarma Branná was chosen as the organic farm. The research found, that the age of heifers at their first calving was significantly higher in the organic farm (43 x 26 months). The length of the intercalving period was higher in the conventional farm (387 x 338 days). Much more difficult births occurred in the conventional farm. The type of farming also had a great influence on the milk yield, which was much higher in the conventional farm (32 x 12 kg of milk), as well as higher protein content (3.59 x 3.22 %), lactose content (4.92 x 4.68 %) and non-fatty solids (9.21 x 8.63 %). The organic farm had higher average fat content (4.04 x 3.77 %), fatty acid level (1.05 x 0.59 nmol/100g fat) and somatic cell count (261 x 175 K/ml). In contrary, there was no evidence of an effect of the breeding method on the following parameters: number and sex of calves born, calving ratio of cows and heifers, proportion of multiple births and stillbirths, urea, casein, citric acid, acetone and ketone content.
|
|
|
Pozice a výkonnost zemědělského podniku v současném prostředí agrobyznysu České republiky
Hrdličková, Lucie
The diploma thesis focuses on the position and performance of the agricultural business in the current agribusiness environment in the Czech Republic. A selected agricultural com-pany, which is PROAGRO Radešínská Svratka, a.s., is characterized in the thesis. The business core of this company is crops, animal and other production. An important line of the agricultural business is the milk commodity and the production of biogas. Selected indicators of financial analysis were used to evaluate the economic situation of the company. Based on that, it has been concluded that the company is in an acceptable financial situation. It can respond appropriately to the stimuli from the outside environment through its strategic decisions. The thesis draws attention to the main milestones of strategic decisions and their causes. It also considers possible future threats.
|
|
|
Kontrola výživy a metabolismu dojnic v chovu s automatizovaným systémem krmení a dojení
Záboj, Dominik
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of changing the technology of feed loading (conventional feed wagon loading vs. automated feed loading) on the content of milk components, especially on the concentration of urea as an indicator of feed balance over time. For the analysis of the milk constituent content in relation to ration balance, individual samples from the performance check, pool samples analysed by the dairy and herd averages from the Lely Astronaut A4 milking robot were used, which were collected from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2022. The results of the study document that the change in feeding technology had neither a positive nor a negative effect on the milk constituent content. Statistical evaluation revealed only a significant difference in the number of somatic cells in milk (p < 0.01). Other evaluated milk composition parameters (protein, fat, lactose, urea) were not significantly affected by the change in feeding technology (p > 0.05). In the correlation test between pool samples and individual samples, statistically significant correlations were found for urea (r = 0.66), fat (r = 0.45) and somatic cell count (r = 0.63) at a significance level of p < 0.05. However, correlation analysis of milk testing results from robotic milking with data from pool samples and individual performance control samples yielded inconsistent data, with a positive correlation found only between the mean somatic cell count from the robotic milking parlor and individual KU samples (r = 0.22). In a set of examinations of individual milk samples from KU (n = 2112), correlation analysis was performed between all determined components. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between protein and fat (r = 0.82), lactose and fat (r = 0.68), somatic cell count and fat (r = 0.13), urea and fat (r = 0.45), lactose and protein (r = 0.80), somatic cell count and protein (r = 0.13), urea and protein (r = 0.47) and for urea and lactose (r = 0.45). It is clear from the results that the results of the analysis of milk from the robotic milking parlour differ from the standard values found in performance monitoring and in the examination of pool milk samples, which thus appear to be more suitable for monitoring nutrition and metabolism.
|
|
|
Analýza hospodaření vybraných ekologických farem
Peichlová, Zuzana
The diploma thesis analyzed selected production and reproduction factors in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. The data was obtained from three organic farms and one conventional farm for comparison. The owners wished to remain anonymous. The data was collected from the utility inspection records and zootechnical evidence from the years 2020, 2021, and 2022. From the production indicators, the following factors were monitored: daily yield, number of lactations, fat content (%), protein content (%), somatic cell count (thous./ml), number of born and raised calves, and culling rate (%). From the reproductive indicators, the following factors were monitored: insemination index, insemination interval, service period, intercalving period, and pregnancy after first insemination (%). The findings indicate that the production indicators on organic farms are not the worst, and the conventional farm only has problematic somatic cell counts and numbers of born and raised calves. Reproductive indicators show better values on organic farms, while the conventional farm reports worse indicators.
|
|
|
Vztah bezrohosti k mléčné užitkovosti u plemene český strakatý skot
Buřvalová, Michaela
This thesis studies the influence of polledness on parameters of milk production of Czech Fleckvieh cattle population. In theoretical section it gives an overview of current findings in the areas of anatomy, ontogenesis and genetics of polled and hor-ned phenotype, milk production and Czech fleckvieh breed. Then in practical section of this thesis, an evaluation of the phenotype (horned/polled and phenotypic deviations associated with polledness). Furthermore, the methodology of laboratory detection of mutations causing hornlessness (PCR + ELFO and Sanger sequencing) was optimized and carried out. This combination of polledness testing methods has proven to be effective so a relatively simple and cheap test to detect polledness in the Fleckvieh breed was designed. This test is suitable for further testing on a larger group of anima-ls. Second part of the practical section is devoted to statistical analysis (one-factor ANOVA and GLM) of dependency of milk production parameters (milk yield [kg of milk] fat content [%], protein content [%]) on polled genotype. Results of these analy-ses show, that polledness probably does not have a direct negative effect on milk yield and fat content in milk. However, the negative influence of polledness could not be refuted for the protein content parameter.
|
|
|
Analýza mléčné užitkovosti dojnic českého strakatého skotu v průběhu roku ve vybraném chovu
Čurda, Jaroslav
The aim of this bachelor thesis was the analysis of milk yield in dairy cows of Czech fleckvieh cattle during one calendar year in selected breeding. For this purpose, 12 measurements were made in individual months, where the monitored parameters included day in milk (DIM), number of lactation (n), milk yield (kg milk) and milk components, namely fat (%) and protein (%). The results show that the effect of season had a significant effect on the amount of milk produced (kg) and the milk components (fat, protein). The highest daily milk yield was achieved by dairy cows in spring months and the lowest in autumn and winter months (P < 0.01). The highest fat and protein contents were achieved in autumn and winter months (P < 0.01). The effect of lactation order on milk yield was highly significant. The highest milk yields were achieved in the 3rd lactation. The highest fat, protein and lactose contents were achieved in the 1st lactation (P < 0.01). The effect of lactation stage on milk yield was statistically significant, with the highest milk yields being achieved in the first 100 days of lactation. The lowest was at 301 days or more. The content of milk components (fat, protein) was highest at 301 days and more (P < 0.01).
|
|
|
Analýza délky struků u českého strakatého skotu
Sečkař, Jan
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of teat length in first-calf heifers of Czech Fleckvieh cattle. The measured teat length is here evaluated and related to other selected indicators of exterior and milk yield in the selected group of first-calf heifers. The work also compares the values of the measured teat lengths with the estimated values of the exterior evaluator from the official evaluation of the exterior of first-calf heifers. In connection with teat length, an analysis of the used bulls and lines in breeding is carried out here. In this experiment were measured 121 first-calf heifers. The average length of hind teats was 3.4 cm and fore teats 4.52 cm. The measured values were statistically significantly different from the official teat length estimate, the teat lengths indicated by the exterior evaluator were on average 0.24 cm higher. It can also be stated that the front teats were on average 1.2 cm longer than the rear teats. The correlation between fore and hind teat length was 0.73. No statistically significant influence of the level of milk yield on the length of the front and back teats was observed. On the other hand, a statistically significant influence of the sire effect (p <0.01) on the length of the front teats was observed. Chest circumference also had a statistically significant (p <0.05) effect on the length of the front and back teats. Dairy cows with a larger chest circumference had longer teats. In conclusion, it can be stated that milk productivity is not related to the length of the teats, the father's influence appears to be essential, so the farmer can solve the problem of short teats in his herd especially by using suitable bulls with regard to the breeding value for teat length.
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
